Bitewe n'iterambere rihoraho rya sosiyete, iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse (cyane cyane ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya AI), hamwe n'uburyo abantu bakomeza gukurikirana ubuzima bwiza, ikoreshwa rya micromotors rirarushaho kwaguka. Urugero: inganda z'ibikoresho byo mu rugo, inganda z'imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu biro, inganda z'ubuvuzi, inganda za gisirikare, ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere (guhinga, korora, kubika ibikoresho), ibikoresho n'ibindi birimo kwerekeza mu cyerekezo cy'ikoranabuhanga n'ubuhanga aho kuba umurimo, bityo ikoreshwa ry'imashini z'amashanyarazi naryo ririmo kwiyongera mu gukundwa. Icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rya moteri kigaragarira cyane cyane muri ibi bikurikira:
Icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ubwenge
Kubera ko inganda zikora ibikoresho ku isi, umusaruro w’inganda n’ubuhinzi ugana mu cyerekezo cyo gukora neza, gukora neza, umuvuduko w’ibikorwa n’amakuru ajyanye n’ukuri, sisitemu yo gutwara moteri igomba kuba ifite ubushobozi bwo kwisuzuma, kwirinda, kugenzura umuvuduko wayo, kugenzura kure ya 5G+ n’izindi nshingano, bityo moteri y’ubwenge igomba kuba ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza. Isosiyete ya POWER igomba kwita cyane ku bushakashatsi no guteza imbere moteri y’ubwenge mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, dushobora kubona uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha moteri zigezweho, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'icyorezo, ibikoresho bigezweho byagize uruhare runini mu kurwanya icyorezo, nko: robots zigezweho zo kumenya ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, robots zigezweho zo gutanga ibicuruzwa, robots zigezweho zo gusuzuma uko icyorezo giteye.
Ifite kandi uruhare runini mu gukumira no gutabara ibiza, nko: guca imanza ku bijyanye n’inkongi z’umuriro zitagira abapilote, kuzamuka inkuta za roboti zikoresha ubwenge zirwanya inkongi (POWER imaze gukora moteri y’ubwenge), no gushakisha roboti zikoresha ubwenge munsi y’amazi mu bice by’amazi byimbitse.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha moteri y’ubwenge mu buhinzi bwa none ni bwinshi cyane, nko: korora amatungo: kugaburira inyamaswa mu buryo bw’ubwenge (bikurikije intambwe zitandukanye zo gukura kw’inyamaswa kugira ngo zitange ingano zitandukanye n’ibintu bitandukanye by’intungamubiri), kubyaza amatungo robot z’ubukorano, kubaga inyamaswa mu buryo bw’ubwenge. Ubuhinzi bw’ibimera: guhumeka mu buryo bw’ubwenge, gusukura amazi mu buryo bw’ubwenge, gukuraho ubushuhe mu buryo bw’ubwenge, gutoranya imbuto mu buryo bw’ubwenge, gutondeka no gupakira imbuto mu buryo bw’ubwenge.
Icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'urusaku ruto
Kuri moteri, hari amasoko abiri y'ingenzi y'urusaku rwa moteri: urusaku rwa mekanike ku ruhande rumwe, n'urusaku rwa electromagnetic ku rundi ruhande. Mu bikorwa byinshi bya moteri, abakiriya bafite ibisabwa byinshi ku rusaku rwa moteri. Kugabanya urusaku rwa sisitemu ya moteri bigomba kwitabwaho mu buryo bwinshi. Ni inyigo yuzuye ku miterere ya mekanike, kuringaniza ibintu bizenguruka, ubuziranenge bw'ibice, mekanike y'amazi, acoustic, ibikoresho, ikoranabuhanga n'imbaraga za rukuruzi, hanyuma ikibazo cy'urusaku kigakemurwa hakurikijwe ibintu bitandukanye birambuye nko gukora igerageza ryo kwigana. Kubwibyo, mu kazi nyako, gukemura urusaku rwa moteri ni akazi katoroshye ku bakozi bakora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere moteri, ariko akenshi abakozi bakora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere moteri bakurikije ubunararibonye bwabo mbere kugira ngo bakemure urusaku. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga no kunoza ibisabwa, kugabanya urusaku rwa moteri ku bakozi bakora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere moteri n'abakozi bakora ikoranabuhanga bakomeza gutanga ingingo ikomeye.
Icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'inzu
Mu ikoreshwa rya moteri, akenshi, ni ngombwa guhitamo moteri ifite umurambararo munini n'uburebure buto (ni ukuvuga uburebure bwa moteri ni buto). Urugero, moteri ifite ubwoko bwa disiki ikorwa na POWER isabwa n'abakiriya kugira ngo ibe ifite centre y'uburemere bw'ibicuruzwa byarangiye, ibyo bikanoza ituze ry'ibicuruzwa byarangiye kandi bikagabanya urusaku mu gihe cy'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ariko niba igipimo cy'uburemere ari gito cyane, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora moteri naryo rishyirwa imbere ibisabwa byinshi. Kuri moteri ifite igipimo gito cy'uburemere, ikoreshwa cyane mu gitandukanya centrifugal. Mu gihe cy'umuvuduko runaka wa moteri (umuvuduko w'inguni), uko igipimo cy'uburemere cya moteri kiba gito, niko umuvuduko wa moteri uba munini, kandi ingaruka zo gutandukanya zirushaho kuba nziza.
Icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ubwuzu n'ubuto
Gutunganya moteri byoroheje kandi bito ni icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere ry'imiterere ya moteri, nko gukoresha moteri mu kirere, moteri y'imodoka, moteri ya UAV, moteri y'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, nibindi, uburemere n'ingano ya moteri bifite ibisabwa byinshi. Kugira ngo intego yo gukora moteri yoroheje kandi itoroshye, ni ukuvuga ko uburemere n'ingano ya moteri kuri buri gice by'ingufu biragabanuka, bityo abahanga mu gushushanya moteri bagomba kunoza imiterere no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'ibikoresho byiza mu gushushanya. Kubera ko ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuringa buruta ubw'umuringa ku kigero cya 40%, igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'umuringa n'icyuma kigomba kongerwa. Kuri rotor ya aluminiyumu ikozwe mu cyuma, ishobora guhindurwa ikaba umuringa. Ku byuma by'icyuma bya moteri n'icyuma cya rukuruzi, hakenewe ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, binongera cyane ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi, ariko ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho bya moteri kiziyongera nyuma y'uku kunoza. Byongeye kandi, kuri moteri ntoya, uburyo bwo kuyikora bufite ibisabwa byinshi.
Icyerekezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije mu buryo bunoze kandi butarinda ibidukikije
Kurengera ibidukikije bya moteri birimo gukoresha igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bya moteri no kunoza imiterere ya moteri. Kugira ngo habeho imikorere myiza ya moteri, Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga y'Ubuhanga mu by'Ikoranabuhanga (IEC) yahuje amahame mpuzamahanga agenga imikorere myiza ya moteri no gupima ingufu zayo. Igenzura Amerika (MMASTER), EU (EuroDEEM) n'izindi mbuga zikoresha ingufu za moteri. Kugira ngo habeho imikorere myiza ya moteri, Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi uzashyira mu bikorwa ibipimo ngenderwaho byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bya moteri (ECO). Igihugu cyacu kirimo kandi guteza imbere cyane uburyo bwo kurengera ibidukikije bwo kurengera ingufu.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho ku isi byo gukoresha neza no kuzigama ingufu bya moteri bizongera kunozwa, kandi moteri zikoresha neza kandi zigakoresha ingufu zizaba isoko rikunzwe cyane. Ku ya 1 Mutarama 2023, Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura n'andi mashami 5 yasohoye "Urwego rwo hejuru rw'Ingufu, Kuzigama Ingufu, Kuzigama Ingufu, no Kugera ku Rwego rw'Ingufu z'ingenzi Ibikoresho byo Gukoresha Ingufu (version ya 2022)" byatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa, kugira ngo moteri ikoreshwe kandi itumizwa mu mahanga, hagomba gushyirwa imbere gukora no kugura moteri zifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'Ingufu. Ku bijyanye n'umusaruro wacu w'imashini nto, hagomba kubaho ibihugu mu bijyanye no gukora no gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bunoze.
Guteza imbere icyerekezo cy’ubuziranenge bwa moteri n’uburyo bwo kugenzura
Gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura moteri n'uburyo bwo kugenzura byagiye biba intego y’inganda zikora moteri n'uburyo bwo kugenzura. Gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bitanga inyungu nyinshi mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere, umusaruro, kugenzura ikiguzi, kugenzura ubuziranenge n'ibindi. Gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura moteri n'uburyo bwo kugenzura birushaho kuba byiza ni moteri ya servo, moteri isohora umwotsi n'ibindi.
Gushyira moteri mu byiciro bikubiyemo gushyiraho imiterere n'imikorere ya moteri. Gushyira mu byiciro imiterere y'ibice bigena imiterere y'ibice, naho gushyiraho ibice bigena imiterere y'ibice bizagena imiterere y'ibice n'imikorere y'ibice. Gushyira mu byiciro imikorere, hakurikijwe imiterere y'imiterere ya moteri hashingiwe ku miterere y'imikorere ya moteri, kugira ngo bihuze n'ibisabwa n'abakiriya batandukanye mu mikorere.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura burimo porogaramu n'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa ndetse n'uburyo bwo kugenzura burimo porogaramu. Kubwibyo, kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura, mbere na mbere, uburyo bwo kugenzura burimo porogaramu n'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, hashingiwe ku buryo bwo kugenzura burimo porogaramu n'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, module za porogaramu zishobora gutegurwa hakurikijwe ibyo isoko rikeneye kugira ngo zihuze n'ibyo abakiriya batandukanye bakeneye mu kazi kabo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-18-2023