Kongera ingufu za moteri hamwe no kwiyongera kubisabwa kuri Magneti Ntangarugero munsi ya Carbone Intego ebyiri

Bitewe n'intego ebyiri za karubone, guverinoma yashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ingufu ziteganijwe n’ingamba zo gushimangira guteza imbere kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya mu nganda z’imodoka. Amakuru agezweho yerekana ko moteri yinganda zifite IE3 no hejuru y’ingufu zikoresha ingufu zimaze kumenyekana byihuse kubera ingamba za politiki, icyarimwe bigatuma iterambere ryiyongera cyane mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi bya neodymium-fer-boron (NdFeB).

Mu 2022, umusaruro wa IE3 no hejuru ya moteri ikoresha ingufu zazamutseho 81.1% umwaka ushize, mu gihe iya IE4 no hejuru ya moteri yiyongereyeho 65.1%, naho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga nabyo byiyongereyeho 14.4%. Iri terambere ryatewe no gushyira mu bikorwa “Gahunda yo Guteza Imbere Ingufu za Moteri (2021-2023)”, igamije kugera ku musaruro wa buri mwaka ingana na miliyoni 170 kilo za moteri zikoresha ingufu zikoresha ingufu nyinshi mu 2023, zikaba zirenga 20% bya moteri muri serivisi. Byongeye kandi, ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya GB 18613-2020 risobanura inganda z’imodoka zo mu gihugu zinjiye mu gihe cyo gukora neza.

Ikwirakwizwa rya IE3 no hejuru ya moteri ikoresha ingufu zagize ingaruka nziza ku gukenera ibikoresho bya magnetiki NdFeB byacumuye. Magnet ya NdFeB ihoraho, hamwe nibikorwa byayo bidasanzwe, irashobora kuzamura cyane ingufu za moteri, kandi biteganijwe ko isi yose ikenera NdFeB ikora cyane izarenga toni 360.000 muri 2030.

Kuruhande rwibikorwa bibiri bya karubone, moteri zihoraho za magneti zizagaragara nkimwe mumirenge ikura vuba. Biteganijwe ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere, umuvuduko w’imodoka zidasanzwe za moteri zihoraho mu bucuruzi bw’inganda zikora inganda zirenga 20%, bigatuma kwiyongera kwa NdFeB byibuze toni 50.000. Kugira ngo iki cyifuzo gikemuke, inganda zigomba:

Kongera ibipimo ngenderwaho byibikoresho bya NdFeB, nkibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magnetique hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Gutezimbere ubushinwa bwanditseho isi idasanzwe ya moteri ya magneti kugirango uzamure ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.
Guhanga udushya twinshi twa tekinoroji ya magneti, nka magneti ashyushye ashyushye hamwe na magnetiki ya cobalt.
Shiraho urwego rwuzuye rwa magnesi zihoraho nibigize kugirango ukore ibicuruzwa bisanzwe.
Kunoza umurongo ngenderwaho hamwe nibipimo byibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho kugirango biteze imbere iterambere rirambye ryinganda.
Kubaka urwego rwuzuye rwinganda kugirango utere imbere ubuziranenge bwiterambere ryinganda zikora inganda zihoraho.
Nkigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho bidasanzwe byisi bikora, ibikoresho bidasanzwe bya magnetiki byisi bizatangiza ibihe bishya byiterambere ryiza cyane, biterwa nibisabwa nisoko no kwiyobora kwinganda.