Kongera ubushobozi bw'imodoka n'ubwiyongere bw'ubusabe bw'ingufu zidasanzwe z'ubutaka mu rwego rw'intego ebyiri za karuboni

Iyobowe n’intego ebyiri za karuboni, guverinoma yashyizeho amahame ngenderwaho yo gukoresha neza ingufu n’ingamba zo gushishikariza abantu kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu nganda zikora moteri. Amakuru aheruka agaragaza ko moteri z’inganda zifite amanota ya IE3 yo gukoresha neza ingufu zarushijeho gukundwa cyane bitewe n’ingamba za politiki, icyarimwe bitera iterambere rigaragara ry’ibikoresho bya sintered neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnetic.

Mu 2022, umusaruro wa moteri zikoresha ingufu nke za IE3 no hejuru yazo wiyongereyeho 81.1% ugereranyije n'umwaka, mu gihe moteri za IE4 no hejuru yazo ziyongereyeho 65.1%, aho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga na byo byiyongereyeho 14.4%. Iri zamuka ryatewe no gushyira mu bikorwa "Gahunda yo kunoza imikorere myiza y'ingufu za moteri (2021-2023)", igamije kugera ku musaruro wa buri mwaka wa miliyoni 170 kW za moteri zikoresha ingufu nke zizatwara neza mu 2023, zirenga 20% bya moteri zikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya GB 18613-2020 bigaragaza ko inganda zikoresha moteri zo mu gihugu zinjira mu gihe cy'imikorere myiza cyane.

Ubwiyongere bwa moteri zikoresha ingufu nke za IE3 n'izirenzeho bwagize ingaruka nziza ku ikenerwa ry'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bya NdFeB. Ingufu zihoraho za NdFeB, zifite imikorere myiza cyane, zishobora kongera cyane imikorere myiza y'ingufu za moteri, kandi biteganijwe ko ikenerwa ku isi hose rya NdFeB ifite imikorere myiza rizarenga toni 360.000 mu 2030.

Mu gihe habayeho ingamba zo gukoresha ingufu za karuboni ebyiri, moteri zikora ingufu za rukuruzi zihoraho mu nganda zizagaragara nk'imwe mu nzego zikura vuba. Biteganijwe ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ingufu za rukuruzi zihoraho mu nganda kizarenga 20%, bigatuma ikoreshwa rya NdFeB ryiyongeraho nibura toni 50.000. Kugira ngo urwego rugere kuri iki cyifuzo, rugomba:

Ongera ibipimo by'imikorere y'ibikoresho bya NdFeB, nk'ibicuruzwa bifite ingufu nyinshi za rukuruzi hamwe no kudakoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Guteza imbere moteri za rukuruzi zisanzwe zo mu bwoko bwa rare earth permanent magnet moteri zo mu Bushinwa kugira ngo zirusheho kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa no kwizerwa.
Vumbura ikoranabuhanga rya rukuruzi rikoresha imbaraga nyinshi, nka rukuruzi zishyushye cyane na rukuruzi nshya zishingiye ku cyuma.
Shyiraho ubwoko bwose bw'amakuru ahoraho n'ibice byayo kugira ngo bikore ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ibicuruzwa.
Kunoza amabwiriza n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho biramba bya rukuruzi kugira ngo hatezwe imbere iterambere rirambye ry'inganda.
Kubaka imiterere yuzuye y'inganda kugira ngo itere imbere ireme ry'ingufu za rukuruzi zihoraho mu nganda.
Nk’igice cy’ingenzi cy’ibikoresho bikora ku butaka buto, ibikoresho bihoraho bya rukuruzi bya rare earth bizazana igihe gishya cy’iterambere ryiza, riterwa inkunga n’ibyifuzo by’isoko n’uburyo inganda zigenzura.