Ibyuma by’ingufu n’ibyuma by’ingufu bitwikiriwe n’amavuta ni ubwoko bubiri bw’ingufu bukoreshwa cyane mu nganda no mu mashini. Nubwo byombi bikoreshwa mu gushyigikira no kugabanya kwangirika no kwangirika kw’ibice bizenguruka mu bikoresho bya mashini, bifite itandukaniro rigaragara mu miterere, imikorere n’ikoreshwa.
Ubwa mbere, reka turebe imiterere n'ihame ry'imikorere y'udupira tw'amavuta. Udupira tw'amavuta ni ubwoko bw'udupira tw'amavuta, ubusanzwe tuba tugizwe n'impeta y'imbere, impeta y'inyuma n'ibintu bizunguruka. Imbere muri dupira twuzuyemo amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa amavuta. Iyo dupira tw'amavuta tuzenguruka, amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa amavuta azakora agapira k'amavuta kugira ngo agabanye gukururana no kwangirika. Akamaro k'udupira tw'amavuta ni uko dushobora kwihanganira imitwaro minini n'ingaruka mbi, kandi tukagira ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira kwangirika no gutwara imizigo. Kubwibyo, udupira tw'amavuta dukunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye kandi bukoresha imbaraga nyinshi nko mu byuma bikoresha umuyaga, imikandara yo gutwara imizigo, nibindi.
Ingufu zo gutwikira umupira ni ingufu zo gutwikira umupira, zigizwe n'impeta y'imbere, impeta y'inyuma, ibintu bizunguruka (ubusanzwe imipira) n'akazu. Ingufu zo gutwikira umupira zigabanya gukururana no kwangirika binyuze mu mipira izunguruka, bityo bikanoza imikorere myiza yo kuzunguruka no kuramba kw'ingufu. Ibyiza byo gutwikira umupira ni uko bitanga uburyo bwo kuzunguruka no kudahungabana cyane, hamwe no kudakururana gukomeye no kwihuta cyane. Kubwibyo, ingufu zo gutwikira umupira zikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byihuta cyane, birimo ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, nibindi.
Mu miterere, hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’udupira tw’amavuta n’udupira tw’umupira. Udupira tw’amavuta dukunze kuba tugizwe n’impeta z’imbere, impeta z’inyuma n’ibintu bizunguruka, mu gihe udupira tw’umupira ahanini tuba tugizwe n’impeta z’imbere, impeta z’inyuma, ibintu bizunguruka (imipira) n’utuzu. Iri tandukaniro ry’imiterere rituma habaho imiterere itandukanye mu bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo, uburyo bwo kuzenguruka neza n’umuvuduko ukenewe.
Byongeye kandi, hari itandukaniro mu buryo bwo gusiga amavuta hagati y’udupira twatewemo amavuta n’udupira twa ball bearing. Udupira twa ball bearing dusaba ko amavuta cyangwa amavuta yuzura imbere muri bearing kugira ngo hakorwe agapira ko gusiga kugira ngo bigabanye gucika no kwangirika; mu gihe udupira twa ball bearing tugabanya gucika binyuze mu dupira tuzunguruka kandi akenshi dukenera amavuta make cyangwa amavuta yo gusiga.
Muri rusange, hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’udupira tw’amashanyarazi duterwa amavuta n’udupira tw’amashanyarazi mu bijyanye n’imiterere, ihame ry’imikorere n’ikoreshwa ryatwo. Mu mikoreshereze ifatika, guhitamo ubwoko bw’udupira bukwiye hashingiwe ku mikorere yihariye n’ibisabwa ni ingenzi ku mikorere n’ubuzima bw’igikoresho cya mashini. Kubwibyo, mu gushushanya no guhitamo udupira tw’amashanyarazi, ubwoko n’imiterere y’udupira tw’amashanyarazi bigomba gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo igikoresho cya mashini gikore neza kandi neza mu bihe bitandukanye by’akazi.
Umwanditsi: Sharon
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2024